What Style of Art Is George Seurat Famous for What Style of Art Is Rene Magritte Famous for
What is Modernistic Art?
Modern art is an art history period between the late xixth century until the mid-20th century that encompassed many different styles, in painting, sculpture, decorative arts and architecture. Modern art is thought to accept began with Impressionism in 1870, and continued through the several styles including Post-Impressionism, Fauvism, Expressionism, Cubism, Futurism, Dadaism, Surrealism, Abstruse Expressionism and ending with Popular Fine art in the 1960s.
Famous Works of Modern Western Art
The Saint-Lazare Station. 1877. Claude Monet. Musée d'Orsay, Paris, France.
Luncheon of the Boating Party. 1881. Pierre-Auguste Renoir The Phillips Collection, Washington D.C.
The Style of Modern Art
Art historians hold that modern art begins with the Impressionists and ends with Popular Art. Between these two styles of art there were many different mod art movements and encompassed new visual mediums beyond traditional arts, including:
- Impressionism (1870- 1880)
- Mail-impressionism (1886-1904)
- Fauvism (1905 – 1907)
- Expressionism (1905-1907)
- Cubism (1908- 1914)
- Analytic Cubism
- Synthetic Cubism
- Futurism (1909-1944)
- Dadaism (1916-1924)
- Surrealism (1924-1950)
- Abstract Expressionism (1940-1950)
- Pop Art (1950s- 1960s)
The Get-go of Modernistic Art
Mod fine art begins with the Industrial Revolution in the mid-19thursday century. The railway, steam engine and subway changed the grade of bringing even more than jobs to the city. Suburbanites took swiftly moving trains into work, while urban center dwellers, enjoyed Sunday afternoon in the state.
Populations in cities began to grow, especially in cities such as Paris. In 1853, Emperor Napoléon III commissioned architect and urban planner Georges-Eugène Haussmann to create new buildings, widen sidewalks and create parks for people to enjoy. Painters were in that location capturing everyday life of the modern world on canvas, with fresh ideas.
Modern Fine art State of war and Commerce
Mod fine art was influenced past war with Europe'southward World War I (1914-1918) and The Castilian Ceremonious War (1936-1939). During World War II (1939-1945) many European artists left for New York, which became the heart for art.
Economical downfalls with the Black Monday and the stock market place crash of 1929, led to the Bully Low (1929-1939).
Fine art and painters reflected the new modern reality of life and artists explored socially liberal thoughts and trends in modernist art and new art movements.
Édouard Manet's Role in Mod Art'southward Beginning
Édouard Manet (1832-1883) was the bridge between Realism and Impressionism. His shocking painting Luncheon on the Grass caused a scandal at the Paris Salon, when it was exhibited in 1863.
The artwork illustrates 2 fully dressed men having a picnic on the grass, with two women, ane entirely nude. Both the content and limerick were borrowed from the Renaissance painting Pastoral Concert past Giorgione (1510). While the earlier work makes classical reference to ancient literature, Manet's work is clearly about modern French gild.
Édouard Manet was a member of Paris's upper-eye grade (bourgeoisie). The artist was the just one of his contemporaries who didn't take to sell his paintings to earn a living. Although his father wanted him to report constabulary, Manet still preferred fine art. Manet loved the work of artists Courbet, Velazquez, and Goya.
"Everything is mere appearance, the pleasures of a passing hour, a midsummer night's dream. Simply painting, the reflection of a reflection – just the reflection, too, of eternity – can tape some of the glitter of this mirage." – Édouard Manet
Impressionism (1870- 1880)
Fine art historians consider Impressionism to be the start of when modern art begins. Originating in France in the 1860s, Impressionism continued onward until the late 1880s. The Impressionists worked to capture the scenes of everyday middle-course life, focusing on a single moment in fourth dimension. Impressionist artists dismissed the earth toned paints and flat castor strokes of Realism. These painters chose to use a livelier palette, applied with short dabs of color.
Fascinated with natural light and color, these modern artists experimented with painting plein air, without the use of black or chiaroscuro shading. Paintings often were cropped as influenced past photography and the modern era.
Rejected by the Paris Salon, French painters Édouard Manet, Claude Monet( 1840-1926), Pierre-Auguste Renoir (1841-1919) Camille Pissarro (1830-1903), Alfred Sisley (1839-1899), Edgar Degas (1834-1917), along with ii dozen others organized their own showroom in 1874. Information technology was the first of eight in total that lasted until 1886. This was impressive because the "New Painting" as it was initially called was accounted an creative failure in the fine art globe, during the early decades.
Monet's Impression, Sunrise (1872) Paris' Musee Marmottan Monet captures the orange rising sun over the gray waters of port of Le Havre, as boats float by. The contrasting colors create an illumination of the dominicus on the h2o. The name of the painting provided critics with the source they needed to define the paintings they viewed.
In Monet 'due south The Saint-Lazare Station, at present in Musée d'Orsay, in Paris, the train, a symbol of modernity, is overcast by smoke equally information technology moves into the station. People are waiting on the outdoor platform with Hausmann'southward architecture creating a backdrop for the modern era.
Renoir enjoyed painting Parisians at leisure. Luncheon on the Boating Party (1881) is a work he painted of his friends enjoying a meal together at a restaurant overlooking the water.
Degas is most famous for artistic work in capturing the movements of the ballerinas at the Paris Opéra Ballet, in works such as The Dance Grade (1874) featuring ballet master Jules Perrot, and ballerinas rehearsing.
Postal service-Impressionism (1886-1904)
Post-Impressionism started in 1886, in France, so moved across Europe, reflecting art in a diversity of forms. Commonality existed in the creation of artworks with fresh ideas, in reaction to Impressionism. Postal service-Impressionists such as Vincent Van Gogh (1853 – 1890), Paul Cézanne (1839 –1906), Paul Gauguin (1848- 1903), and Georges Seurat (1859- 1891) used unconventional manner, including apartment, rapid application of paint, and the utilize of color to create psychological issue. All the same, the work of each of the Post-Impressionists was vastly different.
Seurat wanted to add together science to Impressionism using colour to create luminosity, it what was termed Neo-Impressionism. In A Sunday on La Grande Jatte—1884, (1884-1886) the creative person creates this by using optical mixture, or by placing two colors side by side, using tiny dabs of color, or pointillism, to give the illusion of blended color.
For Dutch painter Vincent Van Gogh Post-Impressionism was all about color every bit portrayed in his works of irises, blooms and landscapes filled with wheat. He was also a Symbolist who wanted to add deeper meaning to his work.
Of all flowers he loved sunflowers, which he started painting upon moving to Paris. In fact, sunflowers appear in some of his well-nigh famous art. He painted a collection of five works of sunflowers in a vase, while living in s French republic betwixt 1888-1889. In these works, yellowish is incorporated in many different shades. Van Gogh felt sunflowers represented gratitude.
In The Starry Dark (1889) Van Gogh chose to stand for the night heaven. In a letter to Willemien van Gogh, in September of 1888, the artists wrote, "It often seems to me that the night is even more richly colored than the day, colored in the near intense violets, dejection, and greens. If you look carefully, you'll come across that some stars are lemony, others have a pink, greenish, forget-me-non blue glow…information technology's clear that to pigment a starry sky it'south not nearly enough to put white spots on blueish-black."
Vincent Van Gogh paints a night landscape with swirling strokes of vivid colour. The sky, with the vivid yellow moon and stars becomes the focal, point due to the low horizon. Although living in French republic at the time, the town, with its church steeple, is more characteristic of Holland, perhaps alluding to his displacement. Works such as this one would have a strong touch on on Expressionism.
The works of French painter Paul Cézanne alter depending on where the viewer is standing. Up shut, his paintings announced flat, but when viewed from further away appear iii dimensional. He achieved these using shadows, or even by outlining objects in black.
In The Menu Playerdue south (1890-1892) a series of v works, Cézanne made sketches of individual men and and then worked the subjects into a limerick. While the people announced static, the décor and clothing they wearable appears to exist shifting.
In his creative work The Large Bathers (1898-1906) Cézanne gives a modern art twist to the subject of the classical female nude. Here the women are non goddesses of mythology but female forms that have been elongated, flattened, and deconstructed to be role of the composition the artist envisioned.
Where Practise We Come From? What Are Nosotros? Where Are We Going? (1897-1898) is a masterpiece by Paul Gauguin masterpiece. The painting represents the wheel from girl to adult female, equally seen through the female perspective of Tahitian life. Paul Gauguin had famously left France to live among the Tahitian people, from which the subject matter for many of his works was derived.
Fauvism (1905- 1907)
Fauvism, a term given by French fine art critics was derived from the French term fauves, meaning wild brute. French-built-in artists such as Henri Matisse (1869 -1954) and André Derain (1880–1954) favored brilliant chief colors, secondary colors, and distinctive brush stokes, producing landscape and figure paintings. These artists constitute influences in the exploration of African and non-Western cultures.
In Matisse'south The Woman with a Chapeau (1905) the artist paints his wife Amelia in vivid expressive colors. This was a new mode of painting a portrait through modernist art.
In Goldfish by Henri Matisse, (1912) at the Pushkin Museum, Moscow, the artist creates a still life in abstract form. The flattened, brilliant orangish goldfish can be viewed from two sides simultaneously. His expert apply of complementary colors placed side by side works to saturate the hues. Goldfish was influenced by Henry Matisse's travels to Morocco, and the fish he bought for his own living room afterwards, lending a cross-cultural chemical element.
André Derain's The Dance (1910) at present in a private collection, combines the influence of Romanesque sculpture, Folk art, and African masks influences, with the bold colour palette of Fauvism, set in an exotic locale.
Matisse as well worked with sculpture early on in his career, continually working on curvy female nudes. In contrast, Derain'southward sandstone sculpture Crouching Man, (1907) at Museum Moderner Kunst, Vienna, Derain reduces the man to a block shaped course.
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Expressionism (1905-1907)
Expressionism had reoccurring elements that while intensely personal to the artists, were able to draw the viewer into the emotional context, through distorted images and color used to provoke reactions. Expressionists were not concerned with concrete reality in the art world.
Expressionism: Die Brücke
Two groups formed in Germany that helped to define Expressionism. Dice Brücke (The Bridge) began in 1905 and was led by Ernst Ludwig Kirchner (1880 –1938) and too included founding members Fritz Bleyl (1880 – 1966), Erich Heckel (1883 –1970) and Karl Schmidt-Rottluff (1884 –1976). Considering themselves a bridge between art of the by and art of the nowadays, they had a goal of merging German language Gothic and Medieval art, and the female nude with Expressionism.
The Poster for the first Die Brücke Exhibition, a colour lithograph, was designed by Bleyl in 1906. The work that featured a partially bathetic nude female form, used every bit an expression of the grouping's thoughts on open sexuality, was deemed to risqué for the public.
In Kirchner's Street, Berlin (1913) two prostitutes, followed past a path of men, are elongated, and flattened, in an environment of unnaturally colored cityscape backdrops, with heightened colors of pink skin tones .
Self Portrait equally a Soldier (1915) on display at the Allen Memorial Fine art Museum, in Ohio, is a outcome of the anxiety Kirchner experienced in the armed services. In clashing colors of green, orange, and yellowish, the work, including a nude, accept angular, jarring shapes.
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Expressionism: Der Blaue Reiter
Meanwhile Der Blaue Reiter (The Blue Rider) including painters Wassily Kandinsky (1866 –1944), Franz Marc (1880-1916) and Gabriele Münter (1877-1962) explored abstraction. Kandinsky was virtually stirred by music and wanted to capture the auditory experience on canvas. He saw colour in music in what may have been synesthesia, a neurological condition that is rare. His work Improvisation 28 (second version), painted in 1912, and housed at Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, in New York is one such example.
Cubism (1908- 1914)
While Castilian artist Pablo Picasso (1881-1973) contributed to many art movements, he was the founder of Cubism, along with French artist George Braque (1882-1963). Cubism is categorized equally an art mode that includes both geometric and fragmented forms to allow objects to be viewed from many angles and vantage points.
In Picasso's Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (The Immature Ladies of Avignon) from 1907, the artist depicts prostitutes in abstruse forms, using jagged lines, turning what should be viewed as desirable into something aggressive. Influenced by African masks, the faces have a primitive quality.
Georges Braque's Cubist paintings Violin and Candlestick (1910) as well as The Portuguese (1911) are two examples where the artist uses a monochromatic tone to accent fragmentation.
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Futurism (1909-1944)
Futurism aimed to express the speed of new applied science in planes, trains, and automobiles. Beginning in the early 20th century, Italian poet Filippo Tommaso Marinetti (1876 – 1944). Other notable modern artists included Umberto Boccioni (1882- 1916), Carlo Carrà (1881-1966), Giacomo Balla (1871 -1958) and Gino Severini (1883 –1966).
Severini worked to combine painting with sculpture to give works a 3-dimensional quality. In Dancer at Pigalle (1912) at the Baltimore Museum of Art, in Baltimore, Maryland, the focus is the dancer in the eye. Created using oil pigment on shaped plaster, on canvas, the consequence gives a swirling element to the Futurist artwork.
Boccioni'south masterful Unique Forms of Continuity, at Museum of Modern Art, in New York creates a superhuman sculpture that embodies berth strength and structure, while looking windswept. The original was created in plaster. A more recent artistic production was not cast in bronze until afterward the creative person'south death.
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Dadaism (1916-1924)
Dadaism started in Zurich, Switzerland, in 1916. Later on it spread to Germany, French republic, and the United States. Marcel Duchamp's (1887-1986) infamous 1917 Fountain "sculpture" is a true instance of Dadaism and readymade objects that bordered on absurd. Buy taking a urinal and placing it on its back, then signing information technology, he sparked much contend on what could be considered fine art.
German artists Hannah Höch, (1889 –1978), created photomontages by combining images that at first appeared uncomplimentary, merely told narratives on feminism in the modern era.
Other modernistic artists of note included German/French artist Jean Arp (1886 – 1966), and Austrian Raoul Hausmann (1886-1971).
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Surrealism (1924-1950)
Originally a fellow member of the Dada group, French artist André Breton (1896- 1966) started the Surrealist movement in New York in 1924. He focused on collage and printmaking, while writing several books.
Surrealism comes from the French word meaning "super reality". Breton defined Surrealism as "psychic automatism in its pure state, by which 1 proposes to express – verbally, by means of the written word, or in any other manner – the actual functioning of thought."
These modern artists experimented in artworks based on the subconscious, and dreams. Salvador Dali's (1904 –1989)The Persistence of Memory (1931) at the Museum of Modernistic Art, in New York sets melting watches in landscape that appears from another world. Here time has no bearing.
Birthday (1942) is a self portrait of the American artist Dorothea Tanning (1910-2012) made for her xxxth birthday, with background images from her unconscious heed and ideas about the course of life and changes within oneself. Eine Kleine Nachtmusik (1943) is ane of her well-nigh famous artworks. The painting which hangs in the Tate Modern, London is ready in an eerie hotel corridor, where a gigantic sunflower is broken and torn. A girl and a life-sized doll are terrified by the display.
The works of Belgian-born Surrealist artist René Magritte (1898–1967) pose many questions without revealing answers. Common visuals continually appear such as pipes, bowler hats, the blue sky, and green apples. In The Menaced Assassin, a naked adult female is lying on a sofa, with her throat slit. Meanwhile a man calmly ignores the state of affairs, while playing a phonograph. Two detectives, both in suits and bowler hats, stand against a wall just outside of the room. One holds a billy and the other a net. Three bobbing heads exterior expect through the window. How did this woman finish up hither?
Like Marcel Duchamp, but with a more contempo artistic product, German born Swiss artists Meret Oppenheim (1913 – 1985) took readymade objects to assemble her sculptural piece entitled Object (Le Déjeuner en fourrure), as well at The Museum of Modern Art, in New York . The Surrealist work asks viewers to imagine what it would be like to hold a teacup, covered in Chinese gazelle fur.
Abstruse Expressionism (1940-1950)
Abstract Expressionism was a period of American art between 1940 and 1950, that was influenced by previous European styles including Fauvism and Surrealism, from which it took the notion of subconscious cosmos.
In his oil on canvas work entitled Autumn Rhythm: Number 30 (1950) on display at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, in New York, creative person Jackson Pollock (1912-1956) adds black, white, and biscuit paint. These colors are layered to give a visual of abiding movement, through lines of diverse lengths and thicknesses, both curvaceous and straight. Jackson's work, Blue Poles (1952) at the National Gallery in Canberra, Australia, contains shards of glass and even footprints.
Dutch American painter Willem de Kooning, (1904-1997) favored painting distorted human figures, especially of women, that composite into the background such as Seated Woman (1940) at the Philadelphia Museum of Art.
Other noteworthy Abstruse Expressionists included American artists Helen Frankenthaler (1928-2011) and Marking Rothko (1903-1970), along with Canadian artist Jean-Paul Riopelle (1923 -2002).
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Popular Art (1950s- 1960s)
Pop Art which began in the late 1950s in England, and spread to the United States, is considered past art historians to exist the concluding influential movement in Mod Art. Pop Art celebrated consumerism and everyday objects became subjects in artworks.
American artist Andy Warhol (1929-1987) referenced mass produced commercial appurtenances with his Campbell's Soup Cans. Each of the 32 canvasses represent a flavor.
Popular Artist Roy Lichtenstein (1923-1997) added Ben-Day dots on his canvases, a printing technique used in creating comic strip. His work Whaam! (1963) at the Tate Modern in London transplants war images into cartoons.
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Modern Architecture
Swiss-French builder Le Corbusier (1887-1965) used influences from mod technology, such as planes, trains, and automobiles for his architectural works. The architect designed Villa Savoye (1929) with concrete and glass, in International Style, using Five Points of Architecture. Le Corbusier used reinforced physical stilts or pilotis to lift the structure up, an open up flooring plan, ribbon windows and a roof top garden.
Famed American architect Frank Lloyd Wright (1867-1959) built Fallingwater his masterpiece of Prairie Style architecture, in Pennsylvania, in 1937. Fallingwater has elongated lines, which blend into the nature effectually it. He achieved this by limiting the colour palette to ocher and red based on the surrounding of the natural rock. Rooms filled with windows allowed views of the exterior.
The Decline of the Modern Era
Modern art would start to decline making mode for Postmodern art and Gimmicky art.
Mod Art Movements and Styles
- Impressionism
- Mail-impressionism
- Fauvism
- Expressionism
- Cubism
- Analytic Cubism
- Synthetic Cubism
- Futurism
- Dadaism
- Abstraction
- Surrealism
- Abstract Expressionism
- Popular Fine art
Related Art Terms
- Plein air
- Optical mixture
- Pointillism
- Symbolism
- Die Brücke
- Der Blaue Reiter
- Photomontage
- Automatism
- Ben-Day dots
Impressionism Artists
- Édouard Manet (1832-1883) French
- Claude Monet (1840-1926) French
- Pierre-Auguste Renoir (1841-1919) French
- Camille Pissarro (1830-1903) French
- Alfred Sisley (1839-1899) French
- Edgar Degas (1834-1917) French
Post-Impressionism Artists
- Vincent van Gogh (1853 – 1890) Dutch
- Paul Cézanne (1839 -1906) French
- Paul Gauguin (1848 -1903) French
- Georges Seurat (1859- 1891) French
Fauvism Artists
- Henri Matisse (1869 -1954) French
- André Derain (1880-1954) French
Expressionism Artists
- Ernst Ludwig Kirchner (1880 –1938) German language
- Fritz Bleyl (1880 -1966) German
- Erich Heckel (1883 -1970) German
- Karl Schmidt-Rottluff (1884 –1976) High german
- Wassily Kandinsky (1866 –1944) Russian
- Franz Marc (1880-1916) German
- Gabriele Münter (1877-1962) High german
Cubism Artists
- Pablo Picasso (1881-1973) Spanish
- George Braque (1882-1963)
Futurism Artists
- Filippo Tommaso Marinetti (1876 – 1944) Italian
- Umberto Boccioni (1882- 1916) Italian
- Carlo Carrà (1881-1966) Italian
- Giacomo Balla (1871 -1958) Italian
- Gino Severini (1883 –1966) Italian
Dadaism Artists
- Marcel Duchamp (1887-1986) French
- Hannah Höch (1889 -1978) German
- Jean Arp (1886 -1966) German/French Austrian
- Raoul Hausmann (1886-1971) Austrian
Surrealism Artists
- André Breton (1896- 1966) French
- Salvador Dali (1904 -1989) Spanish
- Dorothea Tanning (1910-2012) American
- René Magritte (1898-1967) Belgian
- Meret Oppenheim (1913-1985) German/ Swiss
Abstract Expressionism Artists
- Jackson Pollock (1912-1956) American
- Willem de Kooning, (1904-1997) Dutch
- Helen Frankenthaler (1928-2011) American
- Mark Rothko (1903-1970) American
- Jean-Paul Riopelle (1923 -2002) Canadian
Popular Art Artists
- Roy Lichtenstein (1923-1997)
- Andy Warhol (1929-1987) American
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Source: https://www.artlex.com/art-movements/modern-art/
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